Cosmology and fundamental physics with the Euclid satellite

Area of Science:

• Cosmology
• Fundamental Physics
• Astrophysics

Background:

• The universe's accelerated expansion is a major mystery.
• Understanding dark energy and dark matter is crucial for modern physics.
• The European Space Agency's Euclid mission is designed to address these questions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the expansion history and structure evolution of the universe.
• To investigate the nature of dark energy and modified gravity theories.
• To guide the scientific activities of the Euclid mission's Theory Working Group.

Main Methods:

• Measuring galaxy shapes and redshifts over a large sky area.
• Analyzing the distribution of galaxy clusters.
• Focusing on scientific themes beyond the standard cosmological model.

Main Results:

• The study outlines key areas for Euclid's research, including dark energy, dark matter, initial conditions, and data analysis methodologies.
• It emphasizes science that challenges current standard models.
• Provides a framework for theoretical work supporting the Euclid mission.

Conclusions:

• Euclid's comprehensive sky survey will provide crucial data for understanding cosmic expansion and structure.
• The mission will test fundamental physics and explore physics beyond the standard model.
• This review serves as a foundational guide for theoretical research in preparation for Euclid's observations.