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Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

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Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...
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Chemical Ionization (CI) Mass Spectrometry01:21

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The molecular ion peak of a molecule in the mass spectrum provides vital information for molecular identification. However, conventional electron impact ionization can lead to the rapid dissociation of some molecular ions before they reach the detector. A milder ionization method is required to increase the lifetime of such ionized analyte molecules. Chemical ionization (CI) is a gas-phase protonation reaction useful for mass-analyzing analyte molecules that are easily protonated to yield the...
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Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)01:08

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI is an ionization technique, widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix...
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Ionization Energy03:12

Ionization Energy

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The amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from a gaseous atom in its ground state is called its first ionization energy (IE1). The first ionization energy for an element, X, is the energy required to form a cation with 1+ charge:
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Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

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Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...
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Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

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High throughput reaction screening using desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

Michael Wleklinski1, Bradley P Loren1, Christina R Ferreira1

  • 1Department of Chemistry , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN 47907 , USA .

Chemical Science
|April 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary

High-throughput reaction analysis uses desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometry (MS) for rapid screening of chemical reactions. This method enables the analysis of thousands of reactions per hour with high spatial resolution.

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Sample Preparation for Probe Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Mass Spectrometry

Background:

  • Traditional reaction analysis methods can be time-consuming and low-throughput.
  • Adapting techniques from biological imaging offers potential for novel analytical approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a high-throughput method for analyzing reaction mixture arrays.
  • To apply desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) for rapid chemical reaction screening.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized DESI-MS with adapted biological tissue imaging data handling routines.
  • Implemented a continuous on-line process with high spatial density (1 spot/mm²) and rapid sprayer movement.
  • Optimized system performance using amine alkylation reactions on PTFE membranes with methanol as solvent.

Main Results:

  • Achieved analysis rates approaching 10^4 reactions per hour.
  • Demonstrated rapid reaction times (<100 μs) due to microdroplet acceleration.
  • Successfully screened N-alkylation and Suzuki coupling reactions.
  • Confirmed products and by-products using on-line MS/MS.

Conclusions:

  • DESI-MS is a powerful tool for high-throughput analysis of reaction arrays.
  • The developed method significantly accelerates the screening of chemical processes.
  • This approach offers a new paradigm for reaction optimization and discovery.