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Related Concept Videos

Beams01:30

Beams

1.9K
Beams are integral components of structural engineering and construction, designed to support loads applied at various points along their length. These long, straight members can be classified based on geometry, cross-section, support type, and equilibrium condition.
Based on geometry, beams can be straight, tapered, or curved. Straight beams are the most common type and have a constant cross-section throughout their length. Tapered beams, on the other hand, have a varying cross-section along...
1.9K
Deflection of a Beam01:19

Deflection of a Beam

748
Accurately determining beam deflection and slope under various loading conditions in structural engineering is crucial for ensuring safety and structural integrity. Singularity functions offer a streamlined approach to analyzing beams, especially when multiple loading functions complicate the bending moment equation.
Singularity functions, described in an earlier lesson, are powerful mathematical tools that represent discontinuities within a function commonly encountered in structural loading...
748
Prismatic Beams: Problem Solving01:15

Prismatic Beams: Problem Solving

481
In the design of a supported timber beam subjected to a distributed load, both the beam's physical dimensions and the timber's characteristics, such as its grade and species, are critical. These factors determine the allowable stress values, which are crucial for calculating the necessary beam depth to ensure structural integrity and safety.
The design begins with analyzing the beam as a free body to identify moments and force balances, thereby determining support reactions. Next, the...
481
Principal Stresses in a Beam01:11

Principal Stresses in a Beam

757
In prismatic beams subject to arbitrary transverse loading, It is essential to analyze the interaction between shear forces and bending moments in order to understand stress distribution and ensure structural integrity. The highest normal or bending stress occurs at the outer fibers of the beam, decreasing linearly to zero at the neutral axis. In contrast, shear stress peaks at the neutral axis and diminishes toward the outer surfaces.
Analyzing principal stresses is crucial, especially in...
757
Beams with Symmetric Loadings01:15

Beams with Symmetric Loadings

432
The moment-area method is an analytical tool used in structural engineering to determine the slope and deflection of beams under various loads. Consider a cantilever with a concentrated load and moment at the free end. The first step is constructing a free-body diagram to calculate the reactions at the fixed end. Next, the bending moment diagram is plotted to visualize how the bending moment varies along the beam's length, focusing on points where the bending moment equals zero.
The M/EI...
432
Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings01:17

Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings

448
Analyzing a supported beam under unsymmetrical loadings is essential in structural engineering to understand how beams respond to varied force distributions. This analysis involves calculating the deflection and identifying points where the slope of the beam is zero, which are crucial for ensuring structural stability and functionality.
The first moment-area theorem determines the slope at any point on the beam. This theorem indicates that the change in slope between two points on a beam...
448

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

In situ Imaging of the Mouse Thymus Using 2-Photon Microscopy
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In situ Imaging of the Mouse Thymus Using 2-Photon Microscopy

Published on: January 25, 2008

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Rapid volumetric imaging with Bessel-Beam three-photon microscopy.

Bingying Chen1,2, Xiaoshuai Huang3,2, Dongzhou Gou3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication System and Networks, School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Biomedical Optics Express
|April 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a faster 3D imaging technique using Bessel beams and three-photon excitation (3PE) microscopy. This method achieves high-resolution, deep-brain imaging in vivo with improved speed and signal quality.

Keywords:
(110.0180) Microscopy(180.2520) Fluorescence microscopy(180.5810) Scanning microscopy(190.4180) Multiphoton processes

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 11, 2026

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Intravital Imaging of the Mouse Thymus using 2-Photon Microscopy
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Intravital Imaging of the Mouse Thymus using 2-Photon Microscopy

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In vivo Imaging of the Mouse Spinal Cord Using Two-photon Microscopy
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In vivo Imaging of the Mouse Spinal Cord Using Two-photon Microscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Neuroimaging
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Multi-photon fluorescence microscopy enables high-resolution, non-invasive deep tissue imaging in vivo.
  • Three-photon microscopy (3PM) extends functional brain imaging depth in mice beyond 1.0 mm.
  • Low laser repetition rates in conventional 3PM limit temporal resolution for volumetric imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the volumetric imaging speed of three-photon microscopy (3PM).
  • To improve the signal-to-background ratio (SBR) for deep brain imaging.
  • To enable rapid, high-resolution, non-invasive 3D imaging of neural structures in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Combined an axially elongated, needle-like Bessel beam with three-photon excitation (3PE).
  • Developed scanning Bessel-beam 3PM for extended depth of focus imaging.
  • Performed theoretical and experimental validation of Bessel-beam 3PM's SBR compared to two-photon microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a higher signal-to-background ratio (SBR) for Bessel-beam 3PM versus two-photon microscopy.
  • Achieved simultaneous calcium imaging in different brain regions of live fruit flies.
  • Performed rapid volumetric imaging of neuronal structures in live mouse brains.

Conclusions:

  • Scanning Bessel-3PM offers rapid volumetric imaging with high SBR in deep brain tissue in vivo.
  • This technique overcomes the temporal resolution limitations of conventional point-scanning 3PM.
  • The Bessel-beam approach significantly advances deep tissue and neural circuit imaging capabilities.