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Quantitative anatomy of the ilium's primary ossification center in the human fetus
Mariusz Baumgart1, Marcin Wiśniewski1, Magdalena Grzonkowska1
1Department of Normal Anatomy, The Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, The Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Łukasiewicza 1 Street, 85-821, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Insights
The ilium
Area of Science:
- Prenatal imaging and developmental biology.
Background:
- Understanding the development of the ilium's primary ossification center is crucial for fetal staging and detecting congenital anomalies.
- Quantitative analysis of this center provides normative data for prenatal assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively examine the linear, planar, and volumetric parameters of the ilium's primary ossification center.
- To establish normative growth data for the ilium's primary ossification center during fetal development.
Main Methods:
- Computed tomography (CT) and digital image analysis were employed.
- The study analyzed 42 spontaneously aborted human fetuses with crown-rump lengths (CRL) from 130 to 265 mm (18–30 weeks gestation).
Main Results:
- The ilium's primary ossification center showed no significant differences based on sex or laterality.
- Growth models indicated logarithmic increases in vertical and transverse diameters and linear increases in surface area and volume with CRL.
- The center's shape remained consistent, with a stable transverse-to-vertical diameter ratio of 0.94 ± 0.07.
Conclusions:
- Normative quantitative data for the ilium's primary ossification center were established for specific prenatal weeks.
- These findings can aid in the prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of congenital defects.
- The growth patterns observed provide valuable insights into fetal skeletal development.
Purpose:
An understanding of the development of the ilium's primary ossification center may be useful in both determining the fetal stage and maturity, and for detecting congenital disorders. This study was performed to quantitatively examine the ilium's primary ossification center with respect to its linear, planar and volumetric parameters.
Materials And Methods:
Using methods of CT, digital-image analysis and statistics, the size of the ilium's primary ossification center in 42 spontaneously aborted human fetuses of crown-rump length (CRL) ranged from 130 to 265 mm (aged 18-30 weeks) was studied.
Results:
With no sex and laterality differences, the best fit growth dynamics for the ilium's primary ossification center was modelled by the following functions: y = - 63.138 + 33.413 × ln(CRL) ± 1.609 for its vertical diameter, y = - 59.220 + 31.353 × ln(CRL) ± 1.736 for its transverse diameter, y = - 105.681 + 1.137 × CRL ± 16.035 for its projection surface area, and y = 478.588 + 4.035 × CRL ± 14.332 for its volume. The shape of the ilium's primary ossification center did not change over the study period, because its transverse -to- vertical diameter ratio was stable at the level of 0.94 ± 0.07. Conclusions The size of the ilium's primary ossification center displays neither sex nor laterality differences. The ilium's primary ossification center grows logarithmically with respect to its vertical and transverse diameters, and linearly with respect to its projection surface area and volume. The shape of the ilium's primary ossification center does not change throughout the examined period. The obtained quantitative data of the ilium's primary ossification center is considered normative for respective prenatal weeks and may contribute to the prenatal ultrasound diagnostics of congenital defects.