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Updated: Feb 11, 2026
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Field Postmortem Rabies Rapid Immunochromatographic Diagnostic Test for Resource-Limited Settings with Further Molecular Applications
Published on: June 29, 2020
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Recent advances in tuberculosis diagnostics in resource-limited settings.
Mitsuko Seki1, Chang-Ki Kim2, Satoshi Hayakawa3
1Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. seki.mitsuko@nihon-u.ac.jp.
Summary
Developing sensitive, specific tuberculosis (TB) point-of-care tests (POCTs) is crucial for diagnosing smear-negative and drug-resistant TB, especially in resource-limited settings. Novel diagnostics improve case detection but require higher sensitivity for effective TB control.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis remains challenging, particularly smear-negative and drug-resistant forms.
- Resource-limited settings often rely on basic smear microscopy, necessitating advanced diagnostic tools.
- The global TB burden requires improved diagnostic strategies for timely and accurate detection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current landscape of TB diagnostics.
- To evaluate novel diagnostic methodologies and their impact on TB control.
- To discuss the role of laboratory examinations in TB management.
Main Methods:
- Review of current TB diagnostic techniques, including smear microscopy and nucleic acid amplification tests (NATs).
- Analysis of World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for bacteriologically confirmed TB cases.
- Assessment of the sensitivity and specificity of novel diagnostic tools.
Main Results:
- Novel diagnostics, particularly NATs, have increased the number of bacteriologically confirmed TB cases.
- WHO has endorsed NAT-based diagnostics, updating case confirmation criteria.
- Current novel diagnostics show improved performance but still lag behind conventional liquid culture in sensitivity.
Conclusions:
- Enhanced diagnostic capabilities are vital for improving TB control globally.
- Point-of-care tests (POCTs) with higher sensitivity are needed to combat the rising incidence of TB.
- Increased resource allocation for advanced diagnostics is essential for effective healthcare systems.
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