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Mumps outbreaks: A problem in need of solutions
Nicola Principi1, Susanna Esposito2
1Professor Emeritus of Pediatrics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
The Journal of Infection
|April 22, 2018
Summary
Mumps outbreaks persist despite effective vaccines due to waning immunity and evolving viral strains. Further research into immune response is needed for improved mumps vaccine strategies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Epidemiology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Mumps outbreaks continue to occur globally.
- Current mumps vaccines are effective but protection wanes over time.
- Emerging mumps virus strains may challenge vaccine efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on recent mumps outbreaks.
- To explore potential solutions for enhanced mumps protection.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed for studies over the last 15 years.
- Inclusion criteria: English language, evidence-based data on mumps, mumps virus, or mumps vaccine.
Main Results:
- Vaccine-induced protection against mumps declines over time.
- Booster doses may control but not necessarily prevent outbreaks.
- Emerging mumps viral strains could lead to vaccine escape, though relevance is unclear.
Conclusions:
- The exact causes of mumps outbreaks in highly vaccinated populations are not fully understood.
- Booster doses and updated vaccines are potential solutions but have limitations.
- More research on the immune response to mumps vaccines is crucial for long-term prevention.
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