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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

Published on: December 17, 2010

Hypophysitis Due to Paranasal Sinusitis: Neurosurgical Perspective from Developing World.

El Faith Bashir El Malik¹, Branavan Manoranjan², Olufemi Ajani²

¹Department of Surgery, Royal Care International Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan.

World Neurosurgery

|April 22, 2018

Summary

Sphenoid sinusitis can rarely cause hypophysitis, mimicking pituitary tumors. Early diagnosis and medical treatment, like hydrocortisone, can reverse symptoms, highlighting the need for high suspicion in relevant cases.

Keywords:

Antimicrobial treatment Hypophysitis Paranasal sinusitis Pituitary

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Neurology
Otolaryngology

Background:

Sphenoid sinusitis is a rare complication of sinusitis.
Hypophysitis, inflammation of the pituitary gland, can present as a mass effect, mimicking pituitary neoplasms.
This study investigates sinusitis-related hypophysitis.

Observation:

Five cases of sinusitis-related hypophysitis were treated.
Patients presented with headache, fever, ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, and a history of sinusitis.
Laboratory tests revealed neutrophilia, elevated inflammatory markers, and hypothalamic-pituitary hormone axis disturbance, particularly low cortisol.
MRI scans showed pituitary fossa masses and enhancement of the sellar region and paranasal sinuses, especially the sphenoid sinus.

Findings:

Sinusitis-related hypophysitis can present with symptoms similar to pituitary tumors.
Elevated inflammatory markers and hormonal disturbances are key indicators.
Medical management with corticosteroids and antibiotics led to symptom reversal in all cases.

Implications:

Hypophysitis should be considered in patients with sphenoid sinusitis and pituitary dysfunction symptoms.
Early diagnosis and medical management can prevent the need for surgery.
Increased awareness is crucial for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes.