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Related Experiment Videos

The Swimmer's Shoulder: Multi-directional Instability.

Ivan De Martino1, Scott A Rodeo2

  • 1Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 E 70th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA. DeMartinoI@HSS.EDU.

Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine
|April 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
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Swimmer's shoulder, or shoulder pain in swimmers, is often caused by increased shoulder laxity. This laxity leads to instability and rotator cuff overload, highlighting the need for targeted training and rehabilitation.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Swimmer's shoulder encompasses various pathologies causing shoulder pain in swimmers.
  • These include subacromial impingement, overuse, muscle fatigue, scapular dyskinesis, laxity, and instability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes and implications of shoulder pain in swimmers.
  • To emphasize the role of laxity and muscle imbalance in swimmer's shoulder.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on swimmer's shoulder pathologies.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to shoulder instability in swimmers.

Main Results:

  • Repetitive swimming motions can increase shoulder laxity.
Keywords:
InstabilityLaxityRotator cuffShoulderShoulder painSwimmer’s shoulder

Related Experiment Videos

  • Generalized laxity affects up to 62% of swimmers; multi-directional instability is common.
  • Excessive laxity compromises passive stability, leading to rotator cuff overload and injury.

    • Conclusions:

    • Shoulder laxity and muscle imbalance are primary contributors to swimmer's shoulder.
    • Understanding these factors is crucial for effective training and rehabilitation programs.