Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Dissection and Culture of Commissural Neurons from Embryonic Spinal Cord
Published on: May 25, 2010
Para commissural cleft of the lower lip: A first case described in the literature
1Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery of the pediatric hospital, hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69677 Bron, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, 43, boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
Abstract:
We described the first case of para-commissural cleft of the lower lip in a 2 year-old child. He is from a trichorionic triamniotic triplet pregnancy after ovarian stimulation. He has no history except a selective fetal reduction of the mother. We correct this cleft of the lower lip with a double plasty of Malek. The functional and aesthetic result is satisfactory. This particular cleft cannot be explained by the embryological theory. We favor two hypothesis to explain this anomaly: a vascular origin with the stapedial artery and the selective fetal reduction.
Related Concept Videos
Directing Effect of Substituents: ortho–para-Directing Groups
ortho–para-Directing Deactivators: Halogens
ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH3
The Synapse
Synaptic Signaling
Protein-protein Interfaces

