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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Fermentation Microbiome Through Next-Generation Sequencing
Published on: December 1, 2023
First evidence of epicatechin vanillate in grape seed and red wine
Wen Ma1, Pierre Waffo-Téguo2, Michäel Jourdes2
1Univ. de Bordeaux, Unité de recherche OENOLOGIE, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, ISVV, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France; School of Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, PR China.
Abstract:
Flavan-3-ols are units incorporating condensed tannin, which are widely present in grape and wine. They play a considerable role in wine sensory perception such as astringency, bitterness and mouth-feel. In grape and wine, the flavan-3-ols reported to date are (epi)catechin, (epi)gallocatechin, (epi)gallocatechin gallate and (epi)catechin glycoside. This study now shows the presence of a new flavan-3-ol epicatechin vanillate in grape seed and red wine. A putative unknown flavan-3-ol derived from grape seed was targeted by LC-HRMS/MS. Fractionation and purification by centrifugal partition chromatography and Prep HPLC allowed us to obtain the pure new flavan-3-ol. NMR and HRMS data revealed this compound to be epicatechin-3-O-vanillate. Quantification analysis results showed that epicatechin vanillate present in grape seed and red wine in the μg/g dry seed and the μg/L concentration range, respectively.
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