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Fungi in Deep Subsurface Environments.

Magnus Ivarsson1, Stefan Bengtson2, Henrik Drake3

  • 1Nordic Center for Earth Evolution, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden.

Advances in Applied Microbiology
|April 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fungi are abundant in Earth's deep igneous crust, playing key ecological roles. This challenges early fungal evolution theories and highlights their importance in unexplored environments.

Keywords:
Deep biosphereFungiIgneous crust

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Area of Science:

  • Geomicrobiology
  • Deep Biosphere Research
  • Eukaryotic Microbiology

Background:

  • The Earth's igneous crust is a vast, understudied microbial habitat.
  • Microeukaryotes, especially fungi, have been largely overlooked compared to prokaryotes.
  • Recent evidence suggests fungi are prevalent in deep igneous rock provinces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the abundance and diversity of fungi in Earth's igneous rock provinces.
  • To describe the ecological impact of deep-dwelling fungi.
  • To discuss implications for fungal distribution in anoxic environments and early evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on deep biosphere fungi.
  • Analysis of fossil records from subseafloor igneous crust and continental bedrock.
  • Synthesis of data on fungal ecological roles and biogeochemical impacts.

Main Results:

  • Fungi are common inhabitants of the deep biosphere, including igneous provinces.
  • Fossil evidence indicates fungal presence in deep rock since the Paleoproterozoic era.
  • Deep fungi engage in symbiotic relationships, decomposition, and mineral cycling.

Conclusions:

  • Fungi are significant components of the deep igneous biosphere.
  • Their ancient presence challenges current understanding of early fungal evolution.
  • Deep fungi play crucial roles in elemental cycling and ecosystem functioning in extreme environments.