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Cytokines regulating lymphangiogenesis

Miguel Sáinz-Jaspeado1, Lena Claesson-Welsh1

  • 1Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Dag Hammarskjöldsv. 20, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.

Current Opinion in Immunology
|April 23, 2018
PubMed

Lymphatic vessels are established by differentiation of lymphendothelial progenitors during embryogenesis. Lymphangiogenesis, the formation of new lymphatic vessels from pre-existing ones is rare in the healthy adult but takes place during pathological conditions such as inflammation, tissue repair and tumor growth. Conditions of dysfunctional lymphatics exist after surgical interventions or in certain genetic diseases. A key lymphangiogenic stimulator is vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGFC) acting on VEGF receptor-3 (VEGFR3) expressed on lymphendothelial cells. Other cytokines may act directly to regulate lymphangiogenesis positively or negatively, or indirectly by inducing expression of VEGFC. This review describes different known lymphangiogenic cytokines, their mechanism of action and role in lymphangiogenesis in health and disease.

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