Risk factors for metastasis at presentation with conventional chondrosarcoma: a population-based study

The aim of the study was to investigate risk factors for metastasis at diagnosis.

We collected patients diagnosed with conventional chondrosarcoma between 1983 and 2014 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Each patient was classified as having metastatic or localized disease. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to determine which characteristics were risk factors for metastasis at diagnosis.

Two thousand three hundred forty-nine patients were collected and 180 patients had metastasis at presentation. Data on age, gender, primary site, grade, and tumour size were enrolled into the multivariate logistic analysis. Greater age (60 years or older: OR = 1.872, 95% CI, 1.206 to 2.904), axial or craniofacial location (spine: OR = 1.775, 95% CI, 1.188 to 2.651; thoracic cage: OR = 2.034, 95% CI, 1.321 to 3.134; craniofacial bones: OR = 5.507, 95% CI, 3.001 to 10.107), higher grade (grade II: OR = 1.849, 95%CI, 1.181 to 2.895; grade III: OR = 4.016, 95%CI, 2.513 to 6.418), and larger tumour size (size over 10 cm: OR = 7.135, 95%CI, 2.130 to 23.893) were associated with an increased risk of metastasis at presentation.

Conventional chondrosarcoma patients with greater age, axial or craniofacial tumour location, higher grade, and larger tumor size were more likely to have metastasis at diagnosis.