Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

9.8K

Cognitive deficits in older adults with mild cognitive impairment in a two-year follow-up study

Camila de Assis Faria1, Heloisa Veiga Dias Alves1, Eduarda Naidel Barboza E Barbosa1

  • 1MD. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Dementia & Neuropsychologia
|April 24, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) predicts dementia conversion. Declines in multiple cognitive functions, not just executive functions, increased dementia risk and depressive symptoms in older adults.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics
  • Neuropsychology

Background:

  • Characterizing cognitive decline in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is crucial for identifying conversion to dementia.
  • Understanding cognitive trajectories in MCI is essential for early intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the two-year cognitive trajectory of elderly adults diagnosed with MCI.
  • To identify distinct cognitive decline profiles and their association with dementia conversion and depressive symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 62 older adults with MCI was assessed using a neuropsychological battery.
  • Participants were re-evaluated after two years to track cognitive changes.
  • Statistical analyses, including the Mann-Whitney U test, compared groups based on cognitive decline, education, functioning, and depression.

Main Results:

  • 24.2% of individuals with MCI converted to dementia within two years.
  • A decline in two or more cognitive functions was associated with a higher conversion rate to dementia compared to executive function decline alone (p = .04).
  • The executive function decline group reported higher depression scores than memory decline and multiple decline groups (p < .05).

Conclusions:

  • Distinct cognitive decline profiles exist in older adults with MCI.
  • These profiles are associated with varying rates of conversion to dementia and differences in depressive symptoms.
Keywords:
cognitive declinecognitive trajectoryconversiondementiamild cognitive impairment

More Related Videos

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment12:18

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: January 11, 2020

8.1K
Digital Handwriting Analysis of Characters in Chinese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment05:58

Digital Handwriting Analysis of Characters in Chinese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: March 11, 2021

5.1K

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.5K
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
316
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
812
Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
1.3K
Cognition and Behavior01:23

Cognition and Behavior

Social psychology examines the complex interplay between individual mental processes and social interactions. Historically, the field was divided into two domains: social behavior and social cognition. Researchers focusing on social behavior analyzed actions within social contexts, such as conformity, aggression, or cooperation. Meanwhile, social cognition researchers investigated how people perceive, interpret, and mentally represent their social environments. However, modern perspectives no...
383
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
1.4K