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Genome-wide RNAi Screening to Identify Host Factors That Modulate Oncolytic Virus Therapy
08:51

Genome-wide RNAi Screening to Identify Host Factors That Modulate Oncolytic Virus Therapy

Published on: April 3, 2018

9.5K

Genome-wide RNAi Screening to Identify Host Factors That Modulate Oncolytic Virus Therapy

Kristina J Allan1, Douglas J Mahoney2, Stephen D Baird3

  • 1Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute; Department of Biology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|April 24, 2018
PubMed

Insights

High-throughput RNA interference (RNAi) screening identifies host factors influencing Maraba and vaccinia virus replication. This unbiased approach aids in discovering novel biotherapeutic targets for enhancing oncolytic virus therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • High-throughput genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screening is crucial for identifying host factors affecting virus replication.
  • Oncolytic viruses like Maraba and vaccinia virus are promising therapeutic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply high-throughput RNAi screening to discover host targets modulating Maraba and vaccinia virus replication.
  • To enhance oncolytic virus therapy by identifying key host-virus interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Development and validation of a high-throughput RNAi screening assay in mammalian cells.
  • Detailed protocol for primary, secondary, and tertiary screens to identify host factors.
  • Utilizing in vitro assays for infectivity, burst size, and cytotoxicity to measure viral replication.

Main Results:

  • Successful application of the RNAi screening protocol to identify host factors impacting Maraba and vaccinia virus replication.
  • Demonstration of the protocol's applicability to other oncolytic viruses and general virus-host interaction studies.
  • Cataloguing of host factors that modulate various aspects of viral replication in an unbiased manner.

Conclusions:

  • High-throughput RNAi screening provides an extensive and unbiased method for discovering host factors critical for virus replication.
  • This technology can uncover novel biotherapeutic targets for enhancing oncolytic virotherapy.
  • The developed protocol is adaptable for a wide range of oncolytic viruses and general host-pathogen interaction studies.

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