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Future time perspective: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Dorien T A M Kooij1, Ruth Kanfer2, Matt Betts2

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Future Time Perspective (FTP) is vital for motivation and well-being. This meta-analysis integrates research, showing FTP significantly impacts achievement, health, and retirement planning, even beyond personality traits.

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Area of Science:

  • Organizational Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Meta-Analysis

Background:

  • Future Time Perspective (FTP) is crucial for well-being, motivation, and behavior.
  • Existing organizational psychology theories lack time-related constructs like FTP.
  • Research on FTP is fragmented across different domains, measures, and methodologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the construct of Future Time Perspective (FTP).
  • To advance theoretical development of FTP.
  • To integrate theory and empirical findings to identify FTP antecedents and consequences.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review and meta-analysis of 212 studies.
  • Integration of theoretical and empirical findings across diverse research domains.
  • Examination of moderating effects of FTP measures and dimensions.

Main Results:

  • Significant relationships found between FTP and major consequences (achievement, well-being, health, risk behavior, retirement planning).
  • Significant relationships identified between antecedents and FTP.
  • Moderating effects of different FTP measures and dimensions were observed.

Conclusions:

  • FTP is important for organizational psychology theories.
  • FTP predicts key outcomes, independent of the Big Five personality traits.
  • FTP mediates the relationship between personality traits and various outcomes.