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Contribution of transposable elements in the plant's genome
Mahbod Sahebi1, Mohamed M Hanafi2, Andre J van Wijnen3
1Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Gene
|April 24, 2018
Summary
Transposable elements (TEs) drive plant adaptation by creating genetic variation and altering gene expression. These mobile genetic elements can modify plant genomes, influencing growth and evolution.
Area of Science:
- Plant genomics
- Molecular biology
- Evolutionary genetics
Background:
- Plant genomes exhibit remarkable growth flexibility, adapting to environmental changes.
- Transposable elements (TEs) constitute a significant portion of plant genomes, generating genetic diversity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent findings on the role of TEs in plant gene expression.
- To discuss mechanisms by which TEs influence gene regulation and host defenses.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on transposable elements in plants.
- Analysis of TE interactions with plant genes and regulatory elements.
Main Results:
- TEs introduce mutations, alter gene expression patterns, and create novel regulatory elements.
- TEs can lead to chromatin modifications and affect gene structure and function.
- Plants employ mechanisms to tolerate TEs, which can also be co-opted for cellular functions.
Conclusions:
- Transposable elements are key drivers of genetic variation and gene expression regulation in plants.
- TEs contribute significantly to plant adaptation and genome evolution.
- Understanding TE-genome interactions is crucial for plant biology and breeding.