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Related Experiment Video

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Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol
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Genetic imaging study with [Tc-99m] TRODAT-1 SPECT in adolescents with ADHD using OROS-methylphenidate.

Aynur Pekcanlar Akay1, Gamze Çapa Kaya2, Samet Kose3

  • 1Deparment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
|April 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Two months of methylphenidate extended-release (OROS-MPH) treatment decreased dopamine transporter (DAT) availability in the brains of adolescents with ADHD. A robust treatment response correlated with greater DAT density reduction in the right putamen.

Keywords:
ADHDDAT1 geneOROS-methylphenidate[Tc-(99m)] TRODAT-1 SPECT

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiopharmacology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • Methylphenidate is a widely prescribed stimulant medication for ADHD.
  • The dopamine transporter (DAT) plays a crucial role in regulating dopamine levels in the brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of OROS-MPH on striatal DAT availability in adolescent ADHD patients using SPECT imaging.
  • To determine if specific DAT1 gene polymorphisms are associated with changes in DAT availability following OROS-MPH treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty treatment-naïve adolescents with ADHD underwent [Tc-99m]TRODAT-1 SPECT scans at baseline and after 2 months of OROS-MPH treatment.
  • Clinical severity was assessed using CGI-S and ARS scales.
  • Genotyping for DAT1 gene polymorphisms was performed.

Main Results:

  • OROS-MPH treatment led to a significant decrease in DAT availability in the right caudate and putamen.
  • Adolescents with a robust clinical response showed a greater reduction in right putamen DAT density.
  • No association was found between DAT1 gene risk alleles and striatal DAT availability.

Conclusions:

  • Two months of OROS-MPH treatment reduces striatal DAT availability in adolescents with ADHD.
  • The degree of DAT density reduction in the putamen may correlate with treatment response.
  • The DAT1 gene's 10-repeat allele homozygosity was not linked to altered DAT availability in this cohort.