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Published on: September 16, 2022
Fixation Strength of Pedicle and Cortical Lumbar Vertebral Screws after Laminectomy: A Cadaver Study
Dai-Soon Kwak1, Jae-Hyuk Shin2, Ho-Jung Cho1
1Department of Anatomy, Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of).
Background And Study Aim:
Cortical screws were proposed as an alternative to the traditional pedicle screws. Diverse experimental results support the biomechanical superiority of cortical screws compared to pedicle screws. Laminectomy is often part of multilevel lumbar surgeries. Laminectomy might weaken the medial bony edge at the entry of the divergently oriented screw and, thereby, the screw purchase. This study investigated the biomechanical strength of lumbar cortical screw after laminectomy.
Objective:
To compare the fixation strength of cortical screws and traditional pedicle screws after lumbar laminectomy.
Material And Methods:
A total of 120 pedicles from 60 lumbar vertebrae of 12 cadavers (8 men, 4 women) were assessed. The mean age of the cadavers was 73.4 ± 6.2 years (range: 62-82 years). Using a posterior midline approach, we inserted the traditional pedicle screws into one and the cortical screws into the other side of each vertebra. Laminectomy was performed after screw insertion. Vertical pullout strength and toggle strength testing were performed to compare the fixation strength between the two sides.
Results:
After laminectomy, the pullout strength of the cortical screws was 718.92 ± 340.76 N, and that of the pedicle screws was 625.78 ± 287.10 N (p = 0.183). The toggle strength of the cortical screws was 544.83 ± 329.97 N; that of the pedicle screws was 613.17 ± 311.70 N (p = 0.145). No significant difference was found in biomechanical strength between the two types of screws.
Conclusion:
Despite laminectomy, lumbar cortical screws offers comparable pullout and toggle biomechanical strength as traditional pedicle screws.
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