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Related Concept Videos

Hess's Law03:40

Hess's Law

There are two ways to determine the amount of heat involved in a chemical change: measure it experimentally, or calculate it from other experimentally determined enthalpy changes. Some reactions are difficult, if not impossible, to investigate and make accurate measurements for experimentally. And even when a reaction is not hard to perform or measure, it is convenient to be able to determine the heat involved in a reaction without having to perform an experiment.
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A Microfluidic-based Hydrodynamic Trap for Single Particles
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Cryptographic hashing using chaotic hydrodynamics.

William Gilpin1

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 wgilpin@stanford.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Viscous fluid stirring creates cryptographic hashes from particle arrangements. This chaotic fluidic map offers a novel approach for secure information processing and microfluidic applications.

Keywords:
braidingencryptionfluid dynamicsmixingnonlinear dynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Information theory
  • Cryptography

Background:

  • Fluids can store and manipulate information, with applications in digital logic and self-assembly.
  • Controllable hydrodynamic chaos in viscous fluids is known for efficient mixing but underexplored for digital information manipulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of chaotic fluidic systems for cryptographic applications.
  • To demonstrate that chaotic stirring signatures can function as cryptographic hash functions.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzing particle arrangements in stirred viscous fluids to identify characteristic signatures.
  • Evaluating these signatures against cryptographic hash function requirements like collision avoidance and divergence.
  • Investigating hashing dynamics using interparticle winding statistics.

Main Results:

  • Chaotic stirring of viscous fluids generates signatures satisfying cryptographic hash function requirements.
  • Noninvertibility and a broad chaotic attractor facilitate strong divergence and prevent collisions.
  • Unexpected mechanisms, like incomplete mixing, lead to hyperuniform hash distributions.

Conclusions:

  • Chaotic fluidic maps provide a physically motivated method for implementing deterministic chaotic maps in cryptography.
  • Potential applications include microfluidic proof-of-work systems and analyzing turbulent flows from sparse data.