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Are There Differences in the Anthropometric, Hemodynamic, Hematologic, and Biochemical Profiles between Late- and
Márcia Aires Rodrigues de Freitas1,2, Alice Vieira da Costa2, Luciana Alves de Medeiros2
1Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
Insights
Late-onset preeclampsia (LOPE) is linked to obesity, while early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE) shows distinct hematologic changes and increased erythrocyte osmotic stability. Both forms exhibit orbital artery hyperflow.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
- Hematology
Background:
- Preeclampsia (PE) is categorized into early-onset PE (EOPE) and late-onset PE (LOPE) based on gestational age at onset (before or after 34 weeks).
- Understanding the distinct profiles of EOPE and LOPE is crucial for targeted management and improved maternal-fetal outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate anthropometric, hemodynamic, hematologic, and biochemical differences between EOPE and LOPE.
- To explore potential associations between these profiles and the distinct classifications of preeclampsia.
Main Methods:
- A transversal study involving 65 pregnant women (36 with PE, 29 normotensive) in Brazil.
- Comparative analysis of anthropometric, hemodynamic (Doppler ultrasonography of ophthalmic artery), hematologic, and biochemical parameters between EOPE, LOPE, and normotensive groups.
Main Results:
- LOPE group showed greater gestational weight gain and borderline BMI increase, suggesting a metabolic origin.
- EOPE group exhibited reduced erythrocytes, decreased platelets, increased reticulocytes, serum iron, and ferritin, with enhanced erythrocyte osmotic stability.
- Both PE groups displayed ophthalmic artery hyperflow, associated with hematimetric index alterations.
Conclusions:
- LOPE is associated with metabolic factors like obesity, while EOPE presents with significant hematologic and erythrocyte stability changes.
- Hemodynamic alterations in the orbital territory are common in both EOPE and LOPE and correlate with hematologic findings.
Abstract:
Preeclampsia (PE) is classified as early-onset PE (EOPE) and late-onset PE (LOPE) when present before or after 34 weeks of gestation, respectively. This transversal study aimed to investigate the differences and possible associations existing in the anthropometric, hemodynamic, hematologic, and biochemical profiles of late- and early-onset preeclampsia. The study included 65 volunteers admitted to a tertiary hospital in Brazil: 29 normotensive and 36 with preeclampsia (13 with EOPE and 23 with LOPE). Pregnant women with LOPE presented greater weight gain and borderline increase in body mass index at the end of gestation in relation to the other groups, which is compatible with the metabolic origin, associated with obesity, attributed to this form of the disease. Pregnant women with EOPE presented a borderline reduction in the number of erythrocytes and a significant decrease in the number of platelets, in addition to a significant increase in reticulocytes, serum iron, and ferritin when compared to normotensive pregnant women and pregnant women with LOPE. A significant increase in osmotic stability of erythrocytes was observed in the EOPE group in relation to other groups. Hemodynamic analysis by Doppler ultrasonography of the ophthalmic artery showed that both groups of pregnant women with PE presented alterations compatible with the occurrence of hyperflow in the orbital territory. These hemodynamic changes were associated with changes in hematimetric indices.
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