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Published on: October 21, 2017
The Neuronal Ischemic Tolerance Is Conditioned by the Tp53 Arg72Pro Polymorphism.
Maria E Ramos-Araque1,2, Cristina Rodriguez1,2, Rebeca Vecino1,2
1Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, CSIC, Calle Zacarías González 2, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
Cerebral preconditioning (PC) protects the brain after stroke. The human Tp53 Arg72Pro SNP influences PC neuroprotection, with the Pro72 variant offering better protection by modulating p53 stabilization and improving outcomes in stroke patients with prior TIAs.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Genetics
- Stroke Research
Background:
- Cerebral preconditioning (PC) offers endogenous brain protection against stroke, but its mechanisms remain unclear.
- Transient ischemic attack (TIA) may induce a preconditioned state in stroke patients.
- The p53 protein and its regulator MDM2 are involved in PC-mediated neuroprotection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of the human Tp53 Arg72Pro single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in PC-induced neuroprotection after ischemic stroke.
- To determine how the Arg72Pro SNP affects p53 stabilization and the p53/caspase-3 pathway during ischemia.
- To correlate the Arg72Pro SNP with clinical outcomes in stroke patients who experienced a prior TIA.
Main Methods:
- Comparison of PC-mediated neuroprotection in cortical neurons expressing Pro72-p53 versus Arg72-p53 variants.
- Analysis of p53 stabilization in nuclear, cytosolic, and mitochondrial fractions after ischemic insult.
- Assessment of the p53/active caspase-3 pathway activation.
- Clinical correlation of the Tp53 Arg72Pro SNP with prognosis in ischemic stroke patients with a history of TIA.
Main Results:
- Cortical neurons with Pro72-p53 showed enhanced PC-mediated neuroprotection compared to Arg72-p53 neurons.
- PC prevented ischemia-induced p53 stabilization in the nucleus and cytosol of Pro72-p53 neurons but not in mitochondria.
- PC modulated the p53/active caspase-3 pathway in Pro72-p53 neurons, conferring neuroprotection.
- Favorable prognosis after ischemic stroke was associated with the Pro72 allele in patients with a recent TIA.
Conclusions:
- The Tp53 Arg72Pro SNP significantly influences PC-promoted neuroprotection against ischemic stroke.
- The Pro72-p53 variant enhances neuroprotection by modulating mitochondrial p53 stabilization and downstream signaling pathways.
- The Arg72Pro SNP may serve as a predictive marker for TIA-induced ischemic tolerance and patient prognosis.
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