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Related Concept Videos

Amino acids03:42

Amino acids

106.2K
Amino acids are the monomers that comprise proteins. Each amino acid has the same fundamental structure, which consists of a central carbon atom, or the alpha (α) carbon, bonded to an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), and to a hydrogen atom. Every amino acid also has another atom or group of atoms bonded to the central atom known as the R group. There are 20 common amino acids present in proteins, each with a different R group. Variation in the amino acid sequence is responsible for...
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Amino Acid Catabolism01:18

Amino Acid Catabolism

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Microorganisms rely on proteins as an essential carbon and energy source, particularly in environments with limited polysaccharides or lipids. However, proteins are too large to cross the plasma membrane unaided, necessitating enzymatic degradation. Microbes secrete extracellular proteases and peptidases that hydrolyze proteins into peptides, which can then be transported across the membrane. Once inside the cell, intracellular proteases degrade these peptides into free amino acids, which...
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Amino Acid Biosynthetic Pathways01:29

Amino Acid Biosynthetic Pathways

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Amino acid biosynthesis is essential for cell growth, protein synthesis, and metabolic regulation. Cells generate essential and non-essential amino acids from metabolic intermediates to sustain vital biological functions. These intermediates originate from key metabolic pathways: glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway. Important precursors include α-ketoglutarate, pyruvate, oxaloacetate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and erythrose-4-phosphate, which...
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Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
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Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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Phase II Reactions: Sulfation and Conjugation with α-Amino Acids01:19

Phase II Reactions: Sulfation and Conjugation with α-Amino Acids

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Sulfation and α-amino acid conjugation are two critical biotransformation reactions in drug metabolism. Sulfation, a phase II biotransformation reaction, involves adding a polar sulfate group to a drug, enhancing its water solubility and promoting excretion. This process can either co-occur with or occur independently of glucuronidation. Nonmicrosomal sulfotransferase enzymes catalyze the process. The reaction involves 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate or PAPS coenzyme...
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Curation of Computational Chemical Libraries Demonstrated with Alpha-Amino Acids
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YAAM: Yeast Amino Acid Modifications Database.

Leonardo Ledesma1, Eduardo Sandoval1, Uriel Cruz-Martínez2

  • 1Unidad de Cómputo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Ciudad de México 04510, México.

Database : the Journal of Biological Databases and Curation
|April 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel database for accessing genomic information. Researchers can now explore extensive genomic datasets for enhanced biological research.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Genomic data is rapidly expanding, necessitating efficient storage and retrieval systems.
  • Current databases may lack comprehensive features or user-friendly interfaces for complex genomic analyses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a new, publicly accessible database for genomic information.
  • To provide a centralized resource for researchers studying various biological systems.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a robust database architecture.
  • Implementation of advanced search and data retrieval functionalities.
  • Integration of diverse genomic datasets.

Main Results:

  • Successful creation and population of the genomic database.
  • Demonstration of efficient data querying and retrieval capabilities.
  • Positive preliminary feedback from beta-testing researchers.

Conclusions:

  • The developed database serves as a valuable resource for the scientific community.
  • This platform will facilitate advancements in genomic research and data-driven biological discovery.