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Related Concept Videos

General Properties of Solutions02:12

General Properties of Solutions

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Many common substances around us exist as a solution, such as ocean water, air, and gasoline. All solutions are mixtures of substances that are composed of varying amounts of two or more types of atoms or molecules. A mixture with a non-uniform composition is a heterogeneous mixture, whereas a mixture with a uniform composition is a homogeneous mixture. The components that make the homogeneous mixture are evenly spread out and thoroughly mixed. 
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Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations01:17

Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations

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The titration of a weak acid with a strong base results in the formation of water and the conjugate base of the acid. For instance, titrating acetic acid with sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of water and sodium acetate. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate constitutes a buffer whose relative concentration at different stages of the titration is indicated by the α values, which represent percentages of the weak acid and its conjugate base.
The α0 and α1 values...
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Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

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Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
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The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

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Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
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Composition of Polyprotic Acid Solutions as a Function of pH01:19

Composition of Polyprotic Acid Solutions as a Function of pH

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Polyprotic acids of the type H2M constitute two ionizable protons. As a result, on titration with a base, they exhibit two equivalence points in the titration curve. During titration, the species H2M, HM−, and M2− will be present in the solution at different points. The fractions of H2M, HM−, and M2− present at the various instances of the titration are denoted by α0, α1, and α2, respectively.
A graph with the alpha values is plotted against the volume of...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Enhancing Fiber Composite Laminate Quality with the Wet Hand Lay-Up/Vacuum Bag Process
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Ti2Al(C, N) Solid Solution Reinforcing TiAl-Based Composites: Evolution of a Core-Shell Structure, Interfaces, and

Xiaojie Song1, Hongzhi Cui1, Ye Han1

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shandong University of Science and Technology , Qingdao 266590 , Shandong , P.R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study synthesized TiAl matrix composites reinforced with Ti2Al(C, N) using vacuum arc melting. The resulting composites showed significantly enhanced mechanical properties, including microhardness and compressive strength.

Keywords:
N) compositeTi(C, N) particlesTiAl/Ti2Al(Ccore−shell structureinterfacesmechanical properties

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Composite Materials
  • Metallurgy

Background:

  • Titanium aluminum (TiAl) alloys are promising for high-temperature applications due to their low density and high specific strength.
  • However, their inherent brittleness and limited fracture toughness often restrict their widespread use.
  • Developing advanced TiAl matrix composites is crucial for overcoming these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize Ti2Al(C, N) solid solution reinforced TiAl matrix composites.
  • To investigate the phase formation, microstructure, interfaces, and mechanical properties of these novel composites.
  • To understand the reinforcement mechanisms contributing to improved material performance.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of Ti2Al(C, N) solid solution enhanced TiAl matrix composites via vacuum arc melting.
  • Utilizing bulk graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), titanium (Ti), and aluminum (Al) powders as raw materials.
  • Comprehensive characterization of phases, microstructures, interfaces, and mechanical properties (microhardness, compressive strength, strain).

Main Results:

  • Formation of Ti2Al(C, N) MAX phase with a lamellar structure.
  • Successful synthesis of TiAl matrix composites with uniformly distributed Ti2Al(C, N) and Ti(C, N) phases.
  • Significant improvements in mechanical properties: microhardness (+45%), compressive strength (+55.7%), and strain (+50%) compared to the base TiAl alloy.
  • Observation of perfect orientation relationships at interfaces (TiAl//Ti2Al(C, N) and Ti2Al(C, N)//Ti(C, N)) with low misfit values.

Conclusions:

  • Ti2Al(C, N) solid solution acts as an effective reinforcing phase in TiAl matrix composites.
  • The observed improvements in mechanical properties are attributed to grain refinement, particle reinforcement, laminated tearing, particle pull-out, and crack-arresting mechanisms.
  • The developed composite material demonstrates superior performance for potential high-temperature structural applications.