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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Using Clicker Training and Social Observation to Teach Rats to Voluntarily Change Cages
Published on: October 25, 2018
Stephen E Lammers1, Amy B Smith
1Professor emeritus, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, and retired ethics consultant, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, Pennsylvania. Senior Education Consultant, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, Pennsylvania, and associate professor, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida; amy_b.smith@lvhn.org; Twitter: @dramybsmith; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3112-8117.
No abstract available in PubMed .