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Study on Cr(VI) Leaching from Cement and Cement Composites.
Adriana Estokova1, Lenka Palascakova2, Maria Kanuchova3
1Department of Material Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, Vysokoskolska 4, Kosice 04200, Slovakia. adriana.estokova@tuke.sk.
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) leaching from cement is minimal, but higher than from composites. Storage time reduces soluble Cr(VI) in cement, with HCl causing the most leaching.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Materials Science
- Geochemistry
Background:
- Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a toxic environmental contaminant.
- Cement and cement composites are widely used construction materials.
- Understanding chromium leaching is crucial for environmental risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To experimentally investigate hexavalent chromium leaching from cement and cement composites.
- To evaluate the influence of different leaching agents and additives on Cr(VI) release.
- To determine the effect of cement storage time on Cr(VI) solubility.
Main Methods:
- Experimental leaching tests using cement and cement composites with silica fume and zeolite.
- Analysis of water-soluble Cr(VI) concentrations.
- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for chromium speciation.
- Leaching in Britton-Robinson buffer and hydrochloric acid (HCl).
Main Results:
- Water-soluble Cr(VI) in cement ranged from 0.2 to 3.2 mg/kg (1.8% of total Cr).
- Leaching in HCl resulted in the highest Cr(VI) dissolution.
- Chromium leaching was 55–80% higher from cement than from composites.
- Soluble Cr(VI) concentration decreased with increased cement storage time.
Conclusions:
- Cementitious materials can leach Cr(VI), with leaching rates influenced by the matrix composition and leaching agent.
- Cement composites with silica fume and zeolite show reduced Cr(VI) leaching compared to plain cement.
- Longer cement storage time correlates with decreased Cr(VI) solubility, suggesting immobilization over time.
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