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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Substrate Generation for Endonucleases of CRISPR/Cas Systems
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Pathogen detection in the CRISPR-Cas era.

Dipali G Sashital1

  • 1Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA. sashital@iastate.edu.

Genome Medicine
|April 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New CRISPR-Cas technologies offer sensitive nucleic acid detection. These advancements provide practical, low-cost diagnostic tools for identifying pathogens and diseases.

Keywords:
BacteriaBiotechnologyCRISPR–CasDiagnosticsGenotypingPathogen detectionVirus

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • CRISPR-Cas systems are revolutionary genome editing tools.
  • Recent discoveries involve Cas proteins with novel activities beyond gene editing.
  • These alternative activities are crucial for developing new diagnostic platforms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of CRISPR-Cas systems for nucleic acid detection.
  • To highlight the development of sensitive and robust diagnostic tools based on alternative Cas activities.
  • To showcase the application of these technologies in pathogen and disease detection.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging CRISPR-Cas systems with alternative enzymatic functions.
  • Developing assays for sensitive and specific nucleic acid detection.
  • Utilizing Cas proteins for pathogen identification.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated sensitive and robust nucleic acid detection capabilities.
  • Showcased the versatility of CRISPR-Cas systems beyond genome editing.
  • Validated the potential for low-cost and practical diagnostics.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-Cas technologies offer powerful new methods for nucleic acid detection.
  • Alternative Cas protein activities are key to developing advanced diagnostic tools.
  • These innovations promise accessible and effective pathogen and disease detection solutions.