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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

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Published on: December 18, 2016

Rufinamide add-on therapy for refractory epilepsy.

Mariangela Panebianco¹, Hemanshu Prabhakar, Anthony G Marson

¹Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Clinical Sciences Centre for Research and Education, Lower Lane, Liverpool, UK, L9 7LJ.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|April 26, 2018

Summary

Rufinamide effectively reduces seizure frequency in refractory focal epilepsy but is associated with short-term adverse events. Long-term efficacy and safety data are limited, and results are not generalizable to other epilepsy types.

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Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy

Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy

Published on: December 6, 2016

Area of Science:

Neurology
Pharmacology

Background:

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures due to abnormal brain electrical activity.
Refractory epilepsy affects about a third of patients, often requiring combination pharmacotherapy.
Rufinamide is a novel anticonvulsant medication approved for specific epilepsy types.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of rufinamide as an add-on treatment for refractory epilepsy.
To assess rufinamide's effectiveness in reducing seizure frequency and its associated adverse effects.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, add-on trials of rufinamide.
Searched multiple databases including Cochrane, MEDLINE, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to October 2017.
Assessed outcomes such as 50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency, seizure freedom, treatment withdrawal, and adverse events.

Main Results:

Six trials with 1759 participants were included, focusing on refractory focal epilepsy and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
Rufinamide significantly reduced seizure frequency by at least 50% (RR 1.79, moderate-quality evidence).
Treatment withdrawal (RR 1.83) and adverse events like headache, dizziness, and somnolence were significantly more common with rufinamide.

Conclusions:

Rufinamide is effective in reducing seizure frequency in the short term for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.
The review highlighted short-term adverse events and a lack of long-term efficacy and safety data.
Results are specific to add-on treatment for focal epilepsy and cannot be generalized to monotherapy or generalized epilepsies.