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A study of therapy targeted EGFR/ALK mutations in Indian patients with lung adenocarcinoma: A clinical and

Vandana Rana1, Praveer Ranjan2, Rajat Jagani2

  • 1Classified Specialist (Pathology), Command Hospital (Southern Command), Pune 411040, India.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|April 26, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

EGFR mutations (35.5%) and ALK gene rearrangement (7.6%) are prevalent in Indian lung adenocarcinoma patients. These biomarkers are mutually exclusive, guiding targeted therapy decisions.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) diagnosis relies on biomarkers like Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutations and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements.
  • Understanding the prevalence of these biomarkers in diverse populations is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
  • Limited tissue samples pose challenges in molecular testing for lung adenocarcinoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of EGFR mutations and ALK gene rearrangements in Indian lung adenocarcinoma patients.
  • To highlight the significance of proper tissue sample processing for accurate molecular diagnostics.
  • To compare biomarker incidence in Indian versus other ethnic groups.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of histopathologically confirmed lung adenocarcinoma cases.
  • EGFR mutation analysis using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Gene Sequencing.
  • ALK gene rearrangement detection via Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH).

Main Results:

  • Out of 152 cases, 135 were evaluable for EGFR mutations, with 35.5% testing positive.
  • Of 131 evaluable cases, 7.6% showed ALK gene rearrangement.
  • EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements were found to be mutually exclusive.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of EGFR mutations in Indian patients (35.5%) is significantly higher than in Caucasians (13%) and comparable to East Asian populations.
  • The 7.6% incidence of ALK fusion oncogene in Indian patients underscores the need for molecular testing.
  • Accurate molecular profiling is essential for optimizing targeted therapy benefits in lung adenocarcinoma.
Keywords:
ALK fusion oncogeneEGFR mutationIndianLung adenocarcinomaTargeted therapy

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