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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
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The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Targeted mutagenesis in wheat microspores using CRISPR/Cas9.

Pankaj Bhowmik1, Evan Ellison2, Brittany Polley3

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This study optimized CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in wheat using microspore technology. This haploid mutagenesis system accelerates crop improvement by enabling rapid genetic modifications in a single generation.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing accelerates crop development but is limited by long crop life cycles.
  • Microspore technology generates homozygous plants rapidly, offering a solution for efficient breeding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an optimized haploid mutagenesis system combining CRISPR/Cas9 and microspore technology for wheat genetic modification.
  • To identify optimal conditions for delivering CRISPR/Cas9 reagents into wheat microspores.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated factors affecting CRISPR/Cas9 reagent delivery into microspores.
  • Utilized electroporation with the Neon transfection system, optimizing cell number, DNA amount, and voltage.
  • Employed multiple Cas9 and sgRNA constructs for targeted gene modifications.

Main Results:

  • Determined optimal conditions for microspore transfection: minimum 75,000 cells, 10-20 µg DNA, and 500 V pulsing voltage.
  • Successfully introduced targeted modifications into an exogenous DsRed gene and endogenous wheat genes (TaLox2, TaUbiL1).

Conclusions:

  • The combined CRISPR/Cas9 and microspore technology system is effective for inducing targeted genetic modifications in wheat.
  • This approach significantly enhances trait discovery and crop improvement by accelerating the generation of desired genotypes.