Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 11, 2026
07:40
Monitoring Spatial Segregation in Surface Colonizing Microbial Populations
Published on: October 29, 2016
11.6K
Spatial correlation and segregation of multimodal MRI abnormalities in multiple system atrophy
Myung Jun Lee1, Tae-Hyung Kim2, Chi-Woong Mun2
1Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Journal of Neurology
|April 27, 2018
Summary
Structural MRI abnormalities in multiple system atrophy (MSA) are segregated in basal ganglia (BG) and brainstem-cerebellar (stem-CB) regions. These distinct patterns correlate with clinical presentation and motor severity in MSA patients.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimaging
- Neurology
- Radiology
Background:
- Multiple system atrophy (MSA) presents with clinical heterogeneity due to variable pathological distribution in basal ganglia (BG) and brainstem-cerebellar (stem-CB) systems.
- Understanding these spatial patterns is crucial for defining the motor subtype of MSA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify spatial patterns of multimodal MRI abnormalities in BG and stem-CB regions in MSA.
- To define structural MRI findings correlating with clinical characteristics of MSA.
Main Methods:
- Simultaneous measurement of R2*, mean diffusivity (MD), and volume in subcortical structures (BG, thalamus, stem-CB) of 39 probable MSA and 22 control subjects.
- Application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze inter-dependencies.
Main Results:
- Structural MRI alterations within BG and stem-CB regions were significantly interrelated in MSA patients.
- PCA identified four factors: three related to BG (R2*, MD, volume) and one to stem-CB (MD, volume).
- Putaminal MD and a BG MD factor correlated significantly with UPDRS and UMSARS scores, indicating clinical relevance.
Conclusions:
- Multimodal structural MRI abnormalities in MSA are segregated into BG- and stem-CB-related factors.
- These distinct MRI patterns are associated with the clinical phenotype and motor severity in MSA.
Related Concept Videos
01:49Law of Segregation
78.3K
When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.
78.3K
02:20Correlations
36.6K
Correlation means that there is a relationship between two or more variables (such as ice cream consumption and crime), but this relationship does not necessarily imply cause and effect. When two variables are correlated, it simply means that as one variable changes, so does the other. We can measure correlation by calculating a statistic known as a correlation coefficient. A correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to +1 that indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between...
36.6K
02:23Abnormal Proliferation
5.3K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
5.3K
01:27Correlation and Causation
42.9K
Statistical tests can calculate whether there is a relationship, or correlation, between independent and dependent variables. An indirect relationship of the variables signifies a correlation, while a direct relationship shows causation. If it is determined that no connection exists between the variables, then the correlation is a coincidence.
Correlation versus Causation
If the dependent variable increases or decreases when the independent variable increases, there is a positive or negative...
Correlation versus Causation
If the dependent variable increases or decreases when the independent variable increases, there is a positive or negative...
42.9K
01:16Segregation in Fresh Concrete
608
Segregation in fresh concrete is a phenomenon where the components of the concrete mix separate, leading to uneven distribution and compromised structural integrity. This separation typically occurs when concrete is subjected to excessive horizontal movement within forms, or when it is dropped from considerable heights or forced through narrow, winding paths. As a result, heavier coarse aggregate particles settle at the bottom, while lighter, finer materials such as cement and water rise to the...
608
01:09Correlation
15.2K
In statistics, two variables are said to be correlated if the values of one variable are associated with the other variable. Depending on the relationship between two variables, correlation can be of three types– positive correlation, negative correlation, and zero correlation.
Two variables, for example, a and b, are said to be positively correlated if both variables move in the same direction. In other words, a positive correlation exists between two variables, a and b, if:
Two variables, for example, a and b, are said to be positively correlated if both variables move in the same direction. In other words, a positive correlation exists between two variables, a and b, if:
15.2K