Non-coding RNAs in endometriosis: a narrative review

Area of Science:

• Gynecological disorders
• Molecular biology
• RNA biology

Background:

• Endometriosis affects 10% of reproductive-aged women, characterized by endometrial cells outside the uterus.
• Pathophysiology remains unclear, necessitating surgical diagnosis due to lack of biomarkers.
• Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial regulators of cellular function implicated in chronic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the biogenesis of ncRNAs relevant to endometriosis.
• To summarize evidence of ncRNA roles in disease establishment and progression.
• To highlight the potential of ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

• Literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar (2000-2016).
• Keywords included ncRNA, miRNA, lncRNA, siRNA, and endometriosis-related terms.
• Independent screening of articles for relevance, validity, and quality.

Main Results:

• ncRNAs are key contributors to the endometriosis disease process.
• Dysregulated ncRNAs significantly impact inflammation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling.
• Evidence from human studies, in vitro, and in vivo research supports ncRNA involvement.

Conclusions:

• ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and short inhibitory RNAs, show potential in influencing endometriosis.
• ncRNA biomarker discovery and therapeutics are rapidly advancing.
• Further understanding of ncRNAs can lead to improved diagnostic tests and treatments for endometriosis.