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Interaction between platelets and lupus anticoagulant.

M Galli1, S Cortelazzo, P Viero

  • 1Division of Hematology, Ospedall Riuniti di Bergamo, Italy.

European Journal of Haematology
|July 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Lupus anticoagulant (LA) is linked to thrombosis, not bleeding, in most patients. While IgG LA doesn't impair platelet aggregation, platelet activation occurs in all LA cases, indicating a prothrombotic risk.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Lupus anticoagulant (LA) is an antiphospholipid antibody associated with thrombosis.
  • The clinical manifestations and underlying mechanisms of LA, particularly regarding platelet function, require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical features and laboratory findings in patients with lupus anticoagulant.
  • To assess the impact of lupus anticoagulant on platelet aggregation and activation.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 10 consecutive patients diagnosed with lupus anticoagulant.
  • Clinical assessment for bleeding or thrombotic history.
  • Platelet aggregation studies, bleeding time, and beta-thromboglobulin level measurements.

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Main Results:

  • Four patients had systemic lupus erythematosus, one had Waldenstrom's disease, and five had no underlying disease.
  • Thrombotic complications were common; only the Waldenstrom's case showed bleeding tendency.
  • IgG lupus anticoagulant did not affect platelet aggregation but was associated with platelet activation (elevated beta-thromboglobulin).

Conclusions:

  • Lupus anticoagulant is predominantly associated with thrombotic events rather than bleeding.
  • Platelet activation, indicated by beta-thromboglobulin release, is a consistent finding in patients with lupus anticoagulant, regardless of underlying disease or specific antibody type.
  • These findings suggest a prothrombotic role for lupus anticoagulant mediated by platelet activation.