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Identifying artificial selection signals in the chicken genome
Yunlong Ma1, Lantao Gu1, Liubin Yang1
1Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
Plos One
|April 27, 2018
Summary
This study identified artificial selection signals in chicken breeds using SNP-array data. Key genes influencing traits like fertility and growth were pinpointed, aiding future chicken breeding and genomics.
Area of Science:
- Animal Genetics
- Genomics
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- Artificial selection is crucial for enhancing economically important traits in livestock.
- Understanding selection signatures in chickens can improve breeding programs.
- Genomic analysis provides powerful tools for detecting selection events.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify signals of artificial selection across nine chicken breeds.
- To investigate the genetic basis of adaptive evolution in chickens.
- To discover genes associated with economically important traits.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a 600k SNP-array with 331 individuals from nine chicken breeds.
- Employed a 'two-step' strategy with Gallus-Gallus-Spadiceus as the reference population.
- Performed population genetic structure analysis and enrichment analysis.
Main Results:
- Detected 204 to 323 potential artificial selection signals in different breed pools.
- Identified genes such as THSR, PTHLH, and PMCH associated with fertility, growth, and immunization.
- Found that both standing and de-novo genetic variations contributed to adaptive evolution.
Conclusions:
- This research identified key genes and genomic regions under artificial selection in chickens.
- The findings provide fundamental information for future chicken functional genomics and breeding.
- Revealed genetic mechanisms underlying adaptive evolution driven by artificial selection.
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