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Related Concept Videos

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
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Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI is an ionization technique, widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix...
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Ribosome Profiling02:24

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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
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Genetic Screens

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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
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Taping over varying ground profiles requires careful adaptation to achieve accurate measurements. On smooth, level ground with minimal vegetation, the tape can rest directly on the ground. Here, the taping team, typically consisting of a head and a rear tapeman, coordinates their positions with clear communication. The rear tapeman holds the tape at the starting point and guides the head tapeman toward a range pole placed beyond the endpoint, using hand or voice signals to ensure alignment.On...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Development of a Larval Zebrafish Infection Model for Clostridioides difficile
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HMW-profiling using MALDI-TOF MS: A screening method for outbreaks of Clostridioides difficile.

Lucía Ortega1, Anna Ryberg1, Åsa Johansson1

  • 1Department of Clinical Microbiology Kronoberg and Blekinge, Central Hospital, Växjö, Sweden.

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Early detection of Clostridioides difficile (CD) outbreaks is crucial. A new MALDI-TOF MS method for typing CD isolates proved effective and cost-efficient for routine diagnostics and infection control.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical microbiology
  • Infectious disease epidemiology
  • Mass spectrometry applications

Background:

  • Clostridioides difficile (CD) is a significant cause of hospital-acquired infections, leading to severe diarrhea and substantial healthcare costs.
  • Effective monitoring and early detection of CD outbreaks are essential for patient safety and healthcare management.
  • Spore formation allows CD to persist in hospital environments, complicating control efforts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for High Molecular Weight (HMW)-profiling of Clostridioides difficile isolates.
  • To assess the frequency and distribution of CD profiles within hospitals and across different geographical regions.
  • To determine the effectiveness of this method for early outbreak detection in routine clinical microbiology.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1000 toxin-positive Clostridioides difficile isolates using MALDI-TOF MS to generate High Molecular Weight (HMW)-profiles.
  • Comparison of CD profile frequencies across multiple hospitals and between two counties in southeastern Sweden.
  • Implementation of the MALDI-TOF MS typing method within a routine clinical microbiology diagnostic laboratory setting.

Main Results:

  • Three distinct outbreaks of Clostridioides difficile were identified across three different hospitals during the study period.
  • One identified outbreak involved the highly virulent Clostridioides difficile ribotype 027, highlighting the method's ability to detect significant strains.
  • The MALDI-TOF MS HMW-profiling method demonstrated ease of implementation and cost-effectiveness for routine diagnostics.

Conclusions:

  • Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) HMW-profiling is a valuable tool for Clostridioides difficile typing.
  • This method facilitates the early detection of Clostridioides difficile outbreaks when used in collaboration with hospital Infection Control Units.
  • The approach offers a cost-effective and easily implementable solution for enhancing surveillance of Clostridioides difficile in healthcare settings.