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Lectin Affinity Plasmapheresis for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus and Marburg Virus Glycoprotein

Benjamin Koch1, Patricia Schult-Dietrich2, Stefan Büttner1

  • 1Goethe University Hospital, Med. III, Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Frankfurt, Germany.

Blood Purification
|April 27, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Lectin affinity plasmapheresis (LAP) effectively removed Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Marburg virus (MARV) glycoproteins in vitro. This suggests LAP could be a potential treatment for these emerging zoonotic pathogens.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Marburg virus (MARV) are WHO-identified emerging pathogens.
  • Both zoonotic diseases present with non-specific symptoms, high mortality, and limited treatment options.
  • Extracorporeal virus and glycoprotein elimination via lectin affinity plasmapheresis (LAP) was investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of LAP in removing MERS-CoV and MARV components in vitro.
  • To assess the time-dependent clearance and binding resin saturation of LAP devices.

Main Methods:

  • LAP devices (Mini Hemopurifiers) were tested using MERS-CoV pseudovirus and MARV glycoproteins (GPs).
  • Negative controls were used for comparison.
  • Samples were analyzed every 30 minutes for virus infectivity (MERS-CoV) and soluble GP content (MARV).

Main Results:

  • LAP demonstrated time-dependent clearance of MERS-CoV pseudovirus (up to 80% in 3 hours).
  • Up to 70% of MARV soluble GPs were eliminated within the same timeframe.
  • Significant saturation of LAP binding resins occurred within the first hour of treatment.

Conclusions:

  • LAP effectively eliminates MERS-CoV pseudovirus and MARV soluble GPs in vitro.
  • Given the high fatality rates and lack of treatments, in vivo evaluation of LAP is warranted.
  • Early initiation, continuous therapy, and timely cartridge exchange may be crucial for LAP efficacy.
Keywords:
Extracorporeal purificationLectin affinity plasmapheresisMarburg virusMiddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus

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