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Colloids03:22

Colloids

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Colloids and Suspensions01:17

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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The cell is chemically composed of water, organic molecules and inorganic ions.
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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
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Colloidal Nanobioconjugate with Complementary Surface Chemistry for Cellular and Subcellular Targeting.

Atanu Chakraborty1, Chumki Dalal1, Nikhil R Jana1

  • 1Centre for Advanced Materials , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata - 700032 , India.

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Developing novel nanobioconjugates with tailored surface chemistry is key for effective biomedical applications. This study presents a polyacrylate-based method to create functional nanoprobes for precise cellular and subcellular targeting.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Functionalized colloidal nanoparticles are crucial for biomedical applications.
  • Existing methods often suffer from inadequate surface chemistry, limiting performance.
  • Achieving specific cellular and subcellular targeting requires precise control over nanoparticle surface properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop colloidal nanobioconjugates with optimized surface chemistry for enhanced biomedical applications.
  • To demonstrate a strategy for creating functional nanoprobes with improved cellular and subcellular targeting capabilities.
  • To investigate the control of cell-nanoparticle interactions and endocytosis through surface chemistry design.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing polyacrylate-based coating chemistry on inorganic nanoparticles (<10 nm).
  • Implementing a conjugation strategy to create colloidal nanoprobes (20-50 nm hydrodynamic size).
  • Chemically designing the nanoprobe surface to influence cellular interactions and subcellular targeting.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized colloidal nanoprobes with controlled hydrodynamic size.
  • Demonstrated that surface chemistry dictates cell-nanoparticle interactions and cellular uptake.
  • Showcased the ability to target and label specific subcellular compartments using designed nanoprobes.

Conclusions:

  • Polyacrylate-based surface chemistry offers a viable strategy for creating high-performance nanobioconjugates.
  • Tailored surface chemistry is essential for controlling cellular interactions and achieving subcellular targeting.
  • Future work should focus on adapting this chemistry to diverse nanoparticles and developing nanocarriers for subcellular delivery.