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Related Concept Videos

Oxygen Transport in the Blood01:27

Oxygen Transport in the Blood

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Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
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Electron Transport Chains01:28

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The final stage of cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation that consists of two steps: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. The electron transport chain is a set of proteins found in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Its primary function is to establish a proton gradient that can be used during chemiosmosis to produce ATP and generate electron carriers, such as NAD+ and FAD, that are used in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
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Facilitated Transport01:19

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The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, substances need to be able to transverse both regions. The hydrophobic area of membranes repels substances such as charged ions. Therefore, such substances need special membrane proteins to cross a membrane successfully. In  facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, molecules and ions travel across a...
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Gas Exchange and Transport01:20

Gas Exchange and Transport

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Gas exchange, the intake of molecular oxygen (O2) from the environment and the outflow of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the environment, is necessary for cellular function. Gas exchange during respiration occurs largely via the movement of gas molecules along pressure gradients. Gas travels from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial pressure. In mammals, gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, which are adjacent to capillaries and share a membrane with them.
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Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

Short-distance Transport of Resources

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Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
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Phloem and Sugar Transport02:02

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Like many living organisms, plants have tissues that specialize in specific plant functions. For example, shoots are well adapted to rapid growth, while roots are structured to acquire resources efficiently. However, sugar production is primarily restricted to the photosynthetic cells that reside in the leaves of angiosperm plants. Sugar and other resources are transported from photosynthetic tissues to other specialized tissues by a process called translocation.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Visualization and Analysis of Blood Flow and Oxygen Consumption in Hepatic Microcirculation: Application to an Acute Hepatitis Model
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Modeling the oxygen transport process under preferential flow effect in landfill.

Lei Liu1,2, Jun Ma3,4, Qiang Xue5,6

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China. lliu@whrsm.ac.cn.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|April 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a landfill gas transport model to simulate oxygen distribution during aeration. The dual advective-diffusive model accurately predicted gas concentrations, aiding injection well design for aerobic landfills.

Keywords:
LandfillModelingOxygen transportPreferential flow

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Optimizing oxygen distribution in landfills during aeration is crucial for effective design of injection wells.
  • Understanding gas transport mechanisms, including advection-diffusion, oxidation, and matrix-fracture exchange, is essential for landfill management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a coupling model for simulating preferential gas transport in landfills.
  • To quantitatively simulate gas distribution changes during vertical well aeration.
  • To analyze parameter sensitivity and provide theoretical evidence for landfill gas injection well design.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a coupling model integrating advection-diffusion, oxidation reactions, and matrix-fracture mass exchange.
  • Quantitative simulation of gas distribution variations during short-term vertical well aeration.
  • Comparison of a dual advective-diffusive (DAD) model with a single advective-diffusive model against field monitoring data.

Main Results:

  • The developed coupling model effectively simulates gas transport phenomena in landfills.
  • The DAD model, incorporating immobile zone effects, showed closer agreement with monitoring data than the single advective-diffusive model.
  • Simulation results provided insights into oxygen and methane concentration variations and air-recycling (AR) under aeration.

Conclusions:

  • The dual advective-diffusive model offers improved accuracy for predicting gas transport and distribution in landfills.
  • The study provides valuable theoretical evidence and references for designing gas injection well distribution in aerobic landfills.
  • Effective aeration strategies can be informed by accurate modeling of oxygen and methane dynamics.