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Cannabis, from plant to pill
1Centre for Plant Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia.
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|April 28, 2018
Summary
Cannabis contains over 100 cannabinoids, including THC and CBD, and terpenes, which may enhance therapeutic effects through the
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Botany
- Genetics
Background:
- Cannabis therapeutics are gaining significant attention.
- Cannabis produces over 100 cannabinoids, with focus on delta-9-tetraydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD).
- Terpenes, cannabis secondary metabolites, are hypothesized to contribute to therapeutic benefits via the 'entourage effect'.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the therapeutic potential of cannabis beyond major cannabinoids.
- To investigate the role of terpenes and the 'entourage effect' in cannabis therapy.
- To highlight the importance of plant standardization and breeding for pharmaceutical applications.
Main Methods:
- Supercritical CO2 extraction of cannabis inflorescence and bracts.
- Analysis and blending of secondary metabolites for specific cannabinoid ratios (THC:CBD).
- Isolation and purification of individual cannabinoids for pharmaceutical use.
Main Results:
- Cannabis yields a complex mixture of cannabinoids and terpenes.
- The 'entourage effect' suggests synergistic therapeutic benefits from combined compounds.
- Standardized plant material and extraction are crucial for consistent pharmaceutical products.
Conclusions:
- Cannabis offers a rich source of diverse therapeutic compounds.
- Breeding strategies are essential for developing novel cultivars with enhanced cannabinoid profiles.
- Optimizing cannabis-based pharmaceuticals requires understanding the interplay of multiple secondary metabolites.
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