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Suppose a positive test charge moves away from a positive static charge, then the Coulomb force does positive work, and its electric potential energy decreases. The potential energy per unit charge is defined as the electric potential. The electric potential is independent of the test charge.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

The Bionic Clicker Mark I & II
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Marking the differences in motoneurons.

Simon A Sharples1,2, Patrick J Whelan1,3

  • 1Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.

Elife
|April 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurons controlling muscles become less excitable before Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) symptoms appear. This finding offers new insights into early disease mechanisms for ALS.

Keywords:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosiselectrophysiologyfiring propertiesin vivo intracellular recordingsmotoneuronmotor neuronmouseneuroscience

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Motor Neuron Diseases

Background:

  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease.
  • The precise mechanisms triggering ALS onset remain incompletely understood.
  • Early changes in neuronal function may precede clinical symptom manifestation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate excitability changes in motor neurons prior to ALS symptom development.
  • To identify potential early biomarkers for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electrophysiological recordings in a relevant preclinical model.
  • Assessed the excitability of a specific subgroup of motor neurons.
  • Correlated neuronal excitability with the preclinical stage of the disease.

Main Results:

  • A distinct subgroup of muscle-controlling neurons exhibited reduced excitability.
  • This decrease in neuronal excitability was observed preceding the onset of observable ALS symptoms.
  • Suggests a critical role for altered motor neuron excitability in early ALS pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced motor neuron excitability is an early event in ALS development.
  • Targeting neuronal excitability could represent a therapeutic strategy for ALS.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the implications of these findings for early diagnosis and treatment.