[Pharmacologic effects of atrial natriuretic peptide in humans]

Since the discovery of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) by de Bold in 1981, several scientists (e.g. nephrologists, endocrinologists, cardiologists) have contributed to research efforts to define the physiologic and pharmacologic profile of the peptide. ANP given in pharmacologic doses seems to lower blood pressure, probably by reducing both preload and afterload. ANP increases renal water and electrolyte excretion, although the underlying mechanisms have not been entirely clarified yet. The depressor and natriuretic effect of ANP act in harmony with an inhibitory effect on the release of renin, aldosterone, and arginine-vasopressin. While the physiologic role or importance of ANP is still in question, synthetic alpha ANP has a promising pharmacologic profile in renal and cardiovascular pathologic states.