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Multi-temporal InSAR (MTI) effectively monitors ground instability, overcoming challenges with advanced satellite data. This study confirms steady uplift in Lesina Marina, Italy, using over 20 years of MTI SAR data.

Keywords:
Ground displacement monitoringMulti-temporal/Multi-sensor SAR InterferometrySAR

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Area of Science:

  • Geodesy
  • Remote Sensing
  • Earth Science

Background:

  • Multi-temporal InSAR (MTI) applications face challenges: coherent scattering, complex deformations, atmospheric artifacts, and elevation-related visibility issues.
  • Diverse satellite missions offer interferometric SAR data with varying wavelengths, resolutions, and revisit times.
  • Sentinel-1 provides improved revisit times (up to 6 days) and comparable spatial resolution to previous ESA C-band sensors, presenting new opportunities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss current and future opportunities for MTI applications in ground instability monitoring.
  • To address challenges in coherent target detection, mean velocity precision, and product geo-location using a theoretical model.
  • To present a multi-sensor investigation of ground instability at Lesina Marina, Italy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a theoretical model for backscattering mechanisms assuming point scatterers to analyze MTI challenges.
  • Processed over 20 years of MTI SAR data from multiple sensors: ERS, ENVISAT, RADARSAT-2, COSMO-SkyMed, and Sentinel-1A.
  • Conducted a multi-sensor ground instability investigation over Lesina Marina, Southern Italy.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed a steady uplift process in Lesina Marina, consistent over the monitored period.
  • Demonstrated the effectiveness of MTI with multi-sensor data for long-term ground instability analysis.
  • Identified challenges in MTI applications and proposed solutions through theoretical modeling.

Conclusions:

  • MTI, especially with multi-sensor data like Sentinel-1, is a powerful tool for monitoring ground instability.
  • The study validates a consistent uplift trend in Lesina Marina, linked to geological processes.
  • Further research can refine MTI techniques for enhanced precision and broader application in geohazard assessment.