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Sex Bias in Hand Surgery Research
Loree K Kalliainen1, Ian Wisecarver1, Allison Cummings1
1Division of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
The Journal of Hand Surgery
|April 29, 2018
Summary
Research inclusion gaps persist, particularly for females in hand surgery studies. This review examines sex equity in recent hand surgery literature and outcome analysis.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Medical Research Equity
- Sex-Based Research Analysis
Background:
- Historical sex-based biases in research participation are well-documented.
- The National Institutes of Health Revitalization Act of 1993 aimed to improve inclusion of females and minorities in research.
- Despite progress, disparities in the inclusion of females persist in medical, surgical, and basic science research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the equity of sex inclusion in recent hand surgery research.
- To determine if outcomes in hand surgery studies are analyzed based on sex.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of recent hand surgery literature.
- Assessment of participant demographics for sex representation.
- Analysis of outcome reporting for sex-based stratification.
Main Results:
- A significant gap in the inclusion of both sexes in hand surgery research was identified.
- Limited evidence of sex as an outcome variable in analyzed studies.
- Inconsistent reporting of sex-specific data hinders comprehensive analysis.
Conclusions:
- Hand surgery research requires improved sex-based inclusion to ensure generalizability.
- Further investigation into sex as a critical variable in hand surgery outcomes is warranted.
- Promoting sex-equitable research practices is crucial for advancing patient care.
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