Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Detection of Polyfunctional T Cells in Children Vaccinated with Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine via the Flow Cytometry Technique
09:37

Detection of Polyfunctional T Cells in Children Vaccinated with Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine via the Flow Cytometry Technique

Published on: September 23, 2022

2.3K

Effectiveness of Japanese encephalitis SA 14-14-2 live attenuated vaccine among Indian children: Retrospective 1:4

Babasaheb V Tandale1, Siraj A Khan2, Komal P Kushwaha3

  • 1Epidemiology, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.

Journal of Infection and Public Health
|April 29, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The single-dose SA 14-14-2 Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine showed moderate effectiveness in Indian children. This live-attenuated vaccine campaign targeted children aged 1-15 years.

Area of Science:

  • * Public Health
  • * Vaccinology
  • * Epidemiology

Background:

  • * Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a serious mosquito-borne viral disease prevalent in Asia.
  • * The SA 14-14-2 live-attenuated vaccine is used to prevent JE.
  • * Understanding vaccine effectiveness in real-world settings is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To estimate the effectiveness of a single dose of the SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine.
  • * To evaluate the vaccine campaign conducted among children aged 1-15 years in India.
  • * To assess vaccine effectiveness based on different data sources.

Main Methods:

  • * Retrospective case-control study of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) cases and controls.
  • * Laboratory confirmation of JE cases using ELISA and RT-PCR.
  • * Conditional logistic regression analysis of matched case-control sets.

Main Results:

  • * Vaccination effectiveness was 43.8% (95% CI, 1.9-67.8) based on vaccination records.
  • * Effectiveness increased to 72.2% (95% CI, 56.2-82.4) when including parental history.
  • * Higher vaccine effectiveness was observed in Assam compared to Uttar Pradesh.

Conclusions:

  • * The SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine provides moderate effectiveness in Indian children.
  • * Data verification methods (e.g., parental history) can influence effectiveness estimates.
  • * The findings support the use of this vaccine in JE prevention programs.
Abstract

Keywords:
Japanese encephalitisLive attenuated vaccineMass vaccination campaignsMatched case control studyVaccination effectivenessVaccine-preventable diseases

More Related Videos

Standardization of Transfer across Labs between Flow Cytometers for Detection of Lymphocytes in Japanese Encephalitis Vaccinated Children06:22

Standardization of Transfer across Labs between Flow Cytometers for Detection of Lymphocytes in Japanese Encephalitis Vaccinated Children

Published on: February 10, 2023

1.3K
Assessing Energy Substrate Oxidation In Vitro with 14CO2 Trapping09:20

Assessing Energy Substrate Oxidation In Vitro with 14CO2 Trapping

Published on: March 23, 2022

2.5K

Related Concept Videos

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes02:42

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes

Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure.  Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
18.5K
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
51.8K
Predicting Products: SN1 vs. SN202:27

Predicting Products: SN1 vs. SN2

Nucleophilic substitution reactions of alkyl halides can proceed via an SN1 or an SN2 mechanism. While in SN2 reactions, the nucleophile attacks the substrate simultaneously as the leaving group departs, in SN1 reactions, the substrate first dissociates to give the carbocation intermediate. Various factors such as the structure of the substrate, the strength of the nucleophile, and the nature of the solvent promote one mechanism over the other.
With increased substitution on the alkyl halide,...
17.4K
Criteria for Aromaticity and the Hückel 4n + 2 Rule01:20

Criteria for Aromaticity and the Hückel 4n + 2 Rule

Like benzene, cyclobutadiene and cyclooctatetraene are cyclic compounds with alternate single and double bonds. However, their chemical behavior differs from benzene, as they are unstable and not aromatic. So, what are the structural characteristics of unsaturated compounds categorized as aromatic?  
For the first time, Eric Hückel, a German chemical physicist, derived a set of structural features for a compound to be classified as aromatic. This is now known as Hückel’s rule or the 4n +...
13.5K
Sign Test for Matched Pairs01:17

Sign Test for Matched Pairs

The sign test for matched pairs offers a robust method for comparing two paired samples, often for the effects of an intervention in one of them. This method is very useful in situations where the underlying distribution of the data is unknown. The test compares two related samples—often pre- and post-treatment measurements on the same subjects—to determine if there are significant differences in their median values.
To conduct the sign test, we first calculate the differences in...
425
[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
12.6K