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Edward J Ives1, Edward MacKillop2, Natasha J Olby3

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Summary

Involuntary saccadic eye movements, like opsoclonus, are under-reported in veterinary medicine. Recognizing these signs may indicate cerebellar disease in animals, similar to human medicine.

Keywords:
cerebellummacrosaccadic oscillationsopsoclonusvestibular disease

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Saccadic oscillations are involuntary eye movements affecting saccadic control, well-documented in human medicine.
  • Limited information exists on the occurrence and significance of saccadic oscillations in veterinary patients.
  • These eye movements can be indicative of underlying neurological disorders.

Observation:

  • Case studies of four animals (three dogs, one cat) presenting with involuntary eye movements consistent with opsoclonus.
  • One additional dog exhibited eye movements resembling macrosaccadic oscillations.
  • All affected animals displayed clinical signs suggestive of cerebellar disease.

Findings:

  • Diagnoses for opsoclonus cases included idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL).
  • The dog with macrosaccadic oscillations was also diagnosed with NCL.
  • These findings highlight NCL as a potential cause of specific saccadic oscillations in animals.

Implications:

  • Recognition of opsoclonus and macrosaccadic oscillations in veterinary medicine is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Involuntary saccadic eye movements can serve as a diagnostic indicator for cerebellar neuroanatomic localization in animals.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the prevalence and etiological basis of these conditions in veterinary patients.