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Related Concept Videos

Pulse01:16

Pulse

2.2K
When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
The pulse serves as a clinical...
2.2K
Pulse01:05

Pulse

4.2K
The pulse is one of the most fundamental physiological indicators of the body's cardiovascular health. It is the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the arterial walls in response to the pressure generated by the heart's pumping action.
Pulse Rate and its Significance
Pulse rate, often measured in beats per minute (bpm), reflects the heart rate (HR), which is influenced by numerous factors such as stress, physical activity, and hormonal changes. A normal resting adult pulse rate falls...
4.2K
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

1.8K
A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
1.8K
Pulse Oximetry01:24

Pulse Oximetry

1.4K
Pulse oximetry, or SpO2, is a non-invasive method for continuously monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). This procedure involves attaching a probe or sensor to the patient's fingertip, forehead, earlobe, or nose bridge. The sensor works by detecting changes in oxygen saturation levels through light signals generated by the oximeter and reflected by the pulsing blood under the probe.
Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...
1.4K
Regulation of Pulse01:20

Regulation of Pulse

2.3K
Pulse regulation involves physiological mechanisms that ensure adequate blood flow throughout the body. The heartbeat, regulated by the autonomic nervous system, is influenced by hormonal balance, physical activity, and emotional state.
2.3K
Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

1.4K
Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
1.4K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

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RF pulse methods for use with surface coils: Frequency-modulated pulses and parallel transmission.

Michael Garwood1, Kamil Uğurbil1

  • 1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
|April 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The surface coil revolutionized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) by enabling signal detection outside RF coils. This innovation spurred advancements crucial for modern medical diagnosis and biomedical research.

Keywords:
Adiabatic pulseArray coilB1 inhomogeneityFrequency-modulatedMRIMRSParallel transmissionRadiofrequency pulseSurface coilUltrahigh fieldpTx

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • The invention of the surface coil for 31P NMR spectroscopy in rats by Ackerman et al. marked a pivotal moment.
  • Early adoption of surface coils was challenging due to the unconventional concept of detecting signals external to RF coils.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the transformative impact of the surface coil on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS).
  • To underscore the role of surface coil innovations in advancing in vivo magnetic resonance experiments and clinical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the non-uniform B1 field generated by surface coils for spatial localization and encoding.
  • Developing novel radiofrequency (RF) pulses to address B1 inhomogeneities and reduce power deposition.
  • Leveraging surface coil technology for image acceleration in MRI.

Main Results:

  • Surface coil innovations have led to new spectroscopic localization methods.
  • Significant advancements in image acceleration techniques have been achieved.
  • Development of specialized RF pulses to manage B1 field variations and power deposition.

Conclusions:

  • The surface coil is fundamental to numerous technological advances in MRI and MRS.
  • These advancements are critical for successful clinical diagnosis and biomedical research, including large-scale projects like the Human Connectome Project.
  • The initial concept of the surface coil has driven four decades of innovation, fundamentally changing data acquisition in magnetic resonance.