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Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Educational Interventions
  • Social Dynamics

Background:

  • Anti-bullying interventions show effectiveness, yet some children persist in experiencing victimization.
  • Individual differences in response to interventions warrant further investigation to understand persistent victimization.
  • Understanding factors that impede intervention success is crucial for improving outcomes for all children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors contributing to individual differences in victimization trajectories within a group-based anti-bullying program.
  • To explore reasons why some children continue to be victimized despite intervention efforts.
  • To inform the development of more targeted and effective anti-bullying strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A five-wave survey was conducted with 9122 children (grades 2-5) participating in the KiVa anti-bullying intervention or control schools.
  • Latent trajectory analysis identified distinct victimization patterns within the intervention group.
  • Multinomial regression analyses examined predictors of persistent victimization trajectories.

Main Results:

  • Three victimization trajectories were identified in the intervention sample: stable high, decreasing, and stable low/no victimization.
  • Children with high peer rejection, internalizing problems, and lower quality parent-child relationships showed less decrease in victimization.
  • These factors were associated with persistent victimization, indicating they impede intervention effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Peer rejection, internalizing problems, and parent-child relationship quality are significant barriers to reducing victimization for some children.
  • Current anti-bullying interventions may need modification to address these individual-level factors.
  • Tailored strategies are essential to support children experiencing persistent victimization and improve overall intervention success.