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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

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Trichilemmal Cyst: Clinical and Sonographic Features.

Ping He1, Li-Gang Cui1, Jin-Rui Wang1

  • 1Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
|May 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzed sonographic features of trichilemmal cysts, finding they appear as well-defined, hypoechoic masses with internal calcification and posterior enhancement, particularly on the scalp. These characteristics aid in diagnosing trichilemmal cysts via ultrasound.

Keywords:
clinical featuresdiagnosistrichilemmal cystultrasonography

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Dermatology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Trichilemmal cysts are common benign skin tumors.
  • Accurate sonographic diagnosis is crucial for appropriate management.
  • Understanding sonographic features can differentiate them from other subcutaneous lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively review and characterize the clinical and sonographic features of trichilemmal cysts.
  • To identify sonographic patterns associated with internal calcification.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of ultrasound in identifying trichilemmal cysts.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of sonographic findings in 54 trichilemmal cysts from 50 patients.
  • Inclusion of 4 cases of proliferating trichilemmal cysts.
  • Evaluation of factors associated with internal calcification.

Main Results:

  • Lesions were well-defined, oval, subcutaneous masses, predominantly hypoechoic (72%) and heterogeneous (89%).
  • Internal calcification was present in 65% of lesions, significantly associated with scalp location (P=.005).
  • Posterior enhancement (81%) was common, with no vascularization on color Doppler.

Conclusions:

  • Sonography reveals characteristic features of trichilemmal cysts: well-defined, hypoechoic, heterogeneous lesions with internal calcification and posterior enhancement.
  • Scalp location is significantly associated with internal calcification.
  • These sonographic findings support the diagnosis of trichilemmal cysts in subcutaneous tissues.