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Trichilemmal Cyst: Clinical and Sonographic Features
Ping He1, Li-Gang Cui1, Jin-Rui Wang1
1Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
Summary
This study analyzed sonographic features of trichilemmal cysts, finding they appear as well-defined, hypoechoic masses with internal calcification and posterior enhancement, particularly on the scalp. These characteristics aid in diagnosing trichilemmal cysts via ultrasound.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Dermatology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Trichilemmal cysts are common benign skin tumors.
- Accurate sonographic diagnosis is crucial for appropriate management.
- Understanding sonographic features can differentiate them from other subcutaneous lesions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To retrospectively review and characterize the clinical and sonographic features of trichilemmal cysts.
- To identify sonographic patterns associated with internal calcification.
- To evaluate the diagnostic utility of ultrasound in identifying trichilemmal cysts.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of sonographic findings in 54 trichilemmal cysts from 50 patients.
- Inclusion of 4 cases of proliferating trichilemmal cysts.
- Evaluation of factors associated with internal calcification.
Main Results:
- Lesions were well-defined, oval, subcutaneous masses, predominantly hypoechoic (72%) and heterogeneous (89%).
- Internal calcification was present in 65% of lesions, significantly associated with scalp location (P=.005).
- Posterior enhancement (81%) was common, with no vascularization on color Doppler.
Conclusions:
- Sonography reveals characteristic features of trichilemmal cysts: well-defined, hypoechoic, heterogeneous lesions with internal calcification and posterior enhancement.
- Scalp location is significantly associated with internal calcification.
- These sonographic findings support the diagnosis of trichilemmal cysts in subcutaneous tissues.
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