Long-Term Effectiveness of Sigmoidoscopy Screening on Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Women and Men: A Randomized Trial
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Flexible sigmoidoscopy screening significantly reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality in men. However, the screening showed minimal impact on CRC rates for women after 15 years.
Area Of Science
- Gastroenterology
- Preventive Medicine
- Oncology
Background
- Long-term effects of sigmoidoscopy screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear.
- Previous studies have not definitively established CRC screening effectiveness in diverse populations.
Purpose Of The Study
- To evaluate the 15-year effectiveness of flexible sigmoidoscopy screening.
- To assess screening impact on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in men and women.
Main Methods
- A randomized controlled trial involving 98,678 participants aged 50-64.
- Flexible sigmoidoscopy screening (with or without fecal blood testing) versus no screening.
- Follow-up via national registries for CRC incidence and mortality data.
Main Results
- Sigmoidoscopy screening reduced CRC incidence (HR: 0.66) and mortality (HR: 0.63) in men.
- Screening showed no significant reduction in CRC incidence (HR: 0.92) or mortality (HR: 1.01) in women.
- Absolute risk reduction for CRC in men was 0.78 percentage points.
Conclusions
- Flexible sigmoidoscopy screening is effective in reducing colorectal cancer burden in men.
- Screening demonstrated limited benefit for colorectal cancer prevention in women.
- Sex-specific differences in screening effectiveness warrant further investigation.
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